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| Steps |
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| 1.
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Maintain daily routines. Toddlers and preschoolers
need to feel
comfortable and secure, and they do not deal well with unpredictability. Keep
things predictable by setting regular bedtimes and mealtimes. Hunger and
sleepiness are probably the most common triggers of tantrums, and these can
largely be avoided by keeping a regular schedule. Try to wean toddlers off
unscheduled naps, and minimize the occurrence of extended absences from
familiar surroundings. |
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| 2. |
Prepare Too much car time Enlarge your child for
changes. Obviously, you can't keep the same routine forever. Make sure you give
your child plenty of warning and explanation well in advance of significant
changes, e.g., his first day of preschool, and prepare him for smaller changes,
as well. For example, if you've spent the afternoon at the swimming pool, let
your child know you will be leaving in 15 minutes. Soften the uncomfortable
blow of abrupt changes in environment or activities by giving the child time to
adjust. Also, prepare your child for difficulties before he or she tries some
new activity. A child may expect to be able to take on the world, but when it
comes down to it, he or she of course has trouble doing most new tasks. Explain
a given activity is difficult and may require many attempts, and be patient if
the child becomes frustrated. |
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| 3. |
Be firm. If a child senses he can sway your decisions or coerce
you with tantrums, it is reasonable for the child to use tantrums to get his
way. Make sure your child knows you make the decisions, and don't change your
mind in response to bad behavior. |
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| 4. |
Choose your battles. Before you deny a child's request, ask
yourself whether the request may indeed be reasonable. Does your son want a
pre-dinner snack if dinner's running a little late? Why not give it to him? You
may avoid a tantrum, and besides, he just may be really hungry. Don't try to
enforce rules just for the sake of rules, but analyze the situation before you
make a decision. Once you make the decision don't back down. |
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| 5. |
Give your child choices. Beginning in the toddler years,
children seek increasing autonomy, and if they feel as though they have no
control over their lives tantrums may ensue. While you can't reasonably give
young children much independence, you can offer them simple choices so they can
feel more in control. For example, at breakfast, give your child a choice
between oatmeal and cereal. Make sure either choice you give is acceptable to
you, and avoid asking open-ended questions such as, "What would you like for
breakfast?" You
may get an unreasonable answer, and then be forced to deny the child his
choice. |
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| 6.
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Give the child plenty of attention. Children need a
lot of attention, and if they don't get enough they will seek more. You've
probably heard "even bad attention is better than no attention," and for
children this is true. Make sure to spend plenty of time with your child and to
be responsive to his or her basic needs for food, shelter, and comfort. |
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| 7. |
Keep tempting or off-limits items out of sight and out of reach.
If a child tends to react to a particular item, preventing related
tantrums is as easy as keeping the item out of his or her mind. |
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| Tips |
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By Tearstained face after the tantrum Enlarge
Tearstained face after the tantrum the age of 6, the child starts to change the
external guidance system (parents) to the internal guidance system
(conscience). Learning self-control is a monumental task, but as the child
progresses, tantrums will become rarer and rarer. |
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Children need positive and negative reinforcement. |
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A final word, never reprimand your child when you
are upset by what they did. Calm and call them afterwards, explaining the
situation. If need be, let them pass judgment. |
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| Warnings |
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Don't frequently rely on providing a distraction
for a young child. Teach the child not to throw tantrums, and he will more
quickly developing other coping mechanisms. |
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Don't cave in just to avoid embarrassment, which
also teaches
the child to perform for a crowd. Although parents feel as though all eyes are
on them, when their child acts up in public, the reality is most onlookers are
saying, "Go for it," when they see parents setting reasonable limits for their
child. |
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Never surrender to your child's temper tantrums at
home. Learn to handle them at home, and you will have fewer occasions to be
embarrassed in a public place. |
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Never hit a child, or become physically or
emotionally violent in response to a tantrum. Children need a comforting
presence to help them exit tantrums, and violence produces exactly the opposite
effect. Most importantly, becoming violent will teach a child violence is an
appropriate response to stress. |
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If your child begins hitting or causing damage
during the tantrum, simply pick the child up in a firm, non-violent manner and
place the child in their room. If the language capabilities are up to it, let
the child know they can rejoin the family when they have decided to talk things
out instead of throwing the tantrum. Don't tell the child to "be quiet", or
"calm down" as this just represses emotion and causes unexpressed anger to
build up over time. Simply separate them from others, in a safe environment,
until they have decided to handle things rationally. |